This book is a fresh and original introduction to philosophy. Intended for
those with little or no prior knowledge of philosophy, such as A-level students
or readers in Further Education courses, the first part of the book presents
philosophical problems as thought experiments which stimulate and promote
thought and debate. The second part contains solutions and further
discussions, complete with a glossary of unfamiliar terms. The problems
offer the reader a thorough grounding in the history of philosophical ideas and
are discussed in a clear, concise and often humorous manner. 

The book contains : 
      101 philosophical problems 
      Discussion of each problem in the second half of the book 
      A glossary of unfamiliar terms 
      Classical as well as contemporary problems from the fields of medical
          ethics, modern physics and artificial intelligence 

Problems include : 
      The Cow in the Field 
      The Society for Useless Information 
      The Dog and the Professor 
      Unmarried Bachelors 
      Descartes' Big Problem.   

TV Living presents the findings of a British Film Institute project in which 500
participants completed detailed questionnaire-diaries over a five year period,
writing some three and a half million words on their lives, their television
watching, and the relationship between the two. 

Gauntlett and Hill use this extensive data to explore some of the most
fundamental questions in media and cultural studies, focusing on issues of
gender, identity, the impact of new technologies, and life changes. Opening
up new areas of debate, the study sheds new light on audiences and their
responses to issues such as sex and violence on television. The structure of
the study enables the authors to track individual respondents changing
attitudes as they approach the new media age and experience personal life
changes of their own. Each chapter addresses a major contemporary
themes in media studies :  how families negotiate viewing choices, the impact
of new technologies such as video, satellite and cable, how young people
make the transition to `adult' programming, viewer's often guilty or ambivalent
feelings about watching television, and audience responses or
representations of women, homosexuality and violence. A unique study of
contemporary TV audience behaviour and attitudes, TV Living offers a
fascinating insight into the complex relationship between mass media and
people's lives today. 

'How We Write is a thoughtful and admirably lucid
attempt to explain and demystify the mental processes
involved in the activity of writing, using the methods of
cognitive psychology but drawing on other disciplines
too. Educators, students, professionals, literary critics,
and even creative writers will all find something of
interest and practical value in its pages. The discussion
of the effects of the computer on the process of writing is
particularly shrewd and informative.'   
                                                             - David Lodge 

How We Write is an accessible guide to the entire writing process, from
forming ideas to formatting text. Combining new explanations of creativity
with insights into writing as design, it offers a full account of the mental,
physical and social aspects of writing.

How We Write explores : 
       How children learn to write 
       The importance of reflective thinking 
       Processes of planning, composing and revising  
       Visual design of text 
       Cultural influences on writing 
       Global hypertext and the future of collaborative and on-line writing 

By referring to a wealth of examples from writers such as Umberto Eco,
Terry Pratchett and Ian Fleming, How We Write ultimately teaches us how
to control and extend our own writing abilities. How We Write will be of value
to students and teachers of language and psychology, professional and
aspiring writers, and anyone interested in this familiar yet complex activity. 

'This is one of those few privileged works that may
actually redefine a field. Situating current debates in the
context of the historical development of anthropology, ...
it charts a contemporary discourse that is vibrant,
sophisticated and unexpectedly coherent. This is what
post postmodernist anthropology looks like.' 
           - Journal of the Royal Anthropological Institute 

'The title of this extraordinarily interesting assembly of
"substantial entries" on cardinal aspects of
anthropological work reveals its focus. Little of prime
importance is missed in the wide range of topics covered
so lucidly ... the glossary is a marvel of brevity, clarity
and precision ... cross-referencing is generous and
efficient.'  
                                               - Reference Reviews 


The Encyclopedia of Social and Cultural Anthropology provides a unique
guide to the ideas, arguments and history of the discipline which discusses
human social and cultural life in all its diversity and difference. Theory,
ethnography and history are combined in over 230 substantial entries on
topics as wide ranging as race, postmodernism, witchcraft and essentialism,
magic and methodology. 

Areas covered : 
       History of anthropological research, colonialism, orientalism and
              occidentalism, theories of culture and society 
       Kinship, gender and family, marriage, the body 
       Ritual and religion, language and linguistics, poetics, literacy,
              aesthetics, film, museums 
       Relations with other disciplines (e.g. archaeology, sociology) 

Structure and key features : 
       Comprehensive coverage :  Over 230 substantial entries provide
          comprehensive information on every major idea, individual and
          sub-discipline of social and cultural anthropology. The entries give 
          insights into anthropological thinking and definitions of specific terms.
          This approach is convenient for readers, ensuring they can find all the
          information they need in one place 
       International and up-to-date :  Over 100 international contributors, all
          experts in their fields, write clearly yet provocatively. They provide a
          variety of perspectives on crucial debates in anthropology today. A
          rigorous editorial policy ensures the Encyclopedia gives readers the
          most up-to-date information available. 
       Covers key terms, ideas and people :  The Encyclopedia eliminates
          the need to refer to other books for specific definitions or biographies.
          It contains a glossary with short explanations of more than 600 key
          terms and ideas. A biographical appendix details the lives and work of
          over 250 important figures in the history of anthropology. 
       Unique interdisciplinary approach :  This is the only encyclopedia
          of social and cultural anthropology to cover fully the many important
          areas of overlap between anthropology and related disciplines, from
          history and literary studies to social psychology. Such topics include
          semantics, evolutionary theory and the influence of social theorists
          such as Marx, Durkheim and Weber. No other encyclopedia takes
          such a broad approach. 
       Highly accessible and easy to use :  Alphabetically organised and
          with extensive cross-referencing and indexing leading readers to
          specific definitions and explanations. Fully annotated primary and
          secondary bibliographies focus on established classics as much as
          recent works and provide further reading signposts to aid research. 

This is one of the best one-volume linguistics dictionaries
available....it features concise, scholarly definitions, thorough
bibliographical references, helpful diagrams and illustrations, and an
admirably broad scope.' 
                                                            - Choice 

'The field needs and should welcome this new scholarly dictionary.
Linguistics scholars will settle for nothing less than the Routledge
dictionary.'
                                         - Rettig on Reference 


The Routledge Dictionary of Language and Linguistics is a unique
reference work for students and teachers of linguistics. The highly regarded
second edition of the Lexikon der Sprachwissenschaft by Hadumod
Bussmann has been specifically adapted by a team of over thirty specialist
linguists to form the most comprehensive and up-to-date work of its kind in
the English language. In over 2,500 entries, the Dictionary provides an
exhaustive survey of the key terminology and languages of more than 30
subdisciplines of linguistics. With its term-based approach and emphasis on
clear analysis, it complements perfectly Routledge’s established range of
reference material in the field of linguistics. 

The Structure : 
      Alphabetically organized, each entry is designed to convey the
         maximum amount of information and to meet each user’s needs 
      Clear and concise definitions of terminology, concepts and themes 
      Extensive cross-references to synonyms and related terms, salient
         English examples 
      Detailed bibliographies at the end of entries direct the reader to further
         reading sources. 

Key Points :  A wide ranging, radical review of educational innovation and
social change, this report argues that educational reform must focus on
connecting what happens in schools with opportunities for learning in the
wider community. The report maps practical new way of meeting the
challenges : 
      Schools could become neighbourhood hubs of learning, for adults as
           well as children 
     The option at 14 of moving from full time schooling into
           community-based learning packages, including mentoring
           work-based learning, college courses and voluntary work 
     Schools to act as agencies for young peoples' part-time employment
           and work based learning 
     Every school student to be given a mentor 

Our education system stands at  crossroads, We are demanding higher
standards and more ambitious targets than ever before from an infrastructure
which is increasingly outdated. This week the independent think tank Demos
launches a new book published by Routledge. Learning Beyond the
Classroom by Tom Bentley examines how social change is creating new
educational challenges. It argues for a new synthesis between the rigour of
the best school-based teaching and the motivational power of active,
community-based learning. Education must use a new, wider range of
resources --- social, cultural and financial --- to provide what young people need
to thrive. 

The book explores what practical lesson can be learnt from educational
innovators who are already rising to meet these challenges. If we want
today's school students to become successful lifelong learners, we must set
two tests for an effective education system : 
     How well can students apply what they learn in school to the real
           world outside 
     How well equipped are they to continue learning throughout their lives 

Back to the future the next great stage of reform for education is to
'de-school' society. This is an idea, first proposed thirty years ago by Ivan
Illich, whose time has come. Changes in technology, values and the media
have allowed knowledge to break out of the institutions which contained it in
the past. Learning Beyond the Classroom argues that education must now
do the same. More learning should take place actually in the contexts where
knowledge is applied --- in workplaces, families and communities, as well as
in schools and colleges. 

This vision requires radical changes, so that schools can progressively
transform themselves into hubs of learning networks, brokering opportunities
between young people and their surrounding communities. The report
suggests ways this vision can become a reality : 
    From the age of 14, compulsory full time schooling might come to an
         end, to be followed by different community-based learning packages
         continued for at least five years. 
    Schools could become neighbourhood learning centres, welcoming
         learners of all ages and providing social, health and careers services
         alongside a range of educational programmes. 
    Schools could be agencies for young people's part-time employment
         and work-based learning. 
    Every school student should have a mentor. 
    Students should be having lessons in museums, voluntary
         organisations and elsewhere. 
    A broader view of intelligence and ability should lead to a new
         framework of assessment. 

Existing frameworks :  A parallel infrastructure for lifelong learning is already
being created - the University for Industry, the National grid for Learning and
Individual Learning Accounts are all examples of how these bodies can work
well. The challenge is to connect this infrastructure with what happens in
schools and colleges, and to give young people the motivation, skills and
discipline to make the most of all opportunities for learning. 

Tom Bentley says : 
'For decades education policy has focused on making
institutions more effective. The new challenge is to encourage
effective learning across the whole of society, not just during
lessons and lectures.' 

Professor Michael Barber : 
'An excellent book: it anticipates the future and is grounded in
practice.' 

Professor Howard Gardner, Harvard University Graduate School of Education :
'Demos at its best - well conceived and researched, cogently
argued , grounded and forward looking.' 

Tom Bentley is a Senior Researcher at Demos and an adviser to David
Blunkett, MP. His work on education has attracted widespread attention and
his recent publications include : Employee Mutuals : the 21st Century Union?;
Under-Achievement by Young People in the UK in the late 1990s; and the
article Learning to Belong in the Wealth and poverty of networks : Tackling
Social Exclusion. 

'There are several textbooks on development,
 but none of them can match
Thirlwall’s in-depth discussion of major
development issues, grounded in
economic theory' 
                                      - Professor V.N.Balasubramanyam
   Professor of Development Economics, Lancaster University

'This text is the best available introduction to development
economics...The revised edition, like its predecessors, will be
widely read and consulted.'
                                       -  Professor Christopher Colclough
          Institute of Development Studies, University of Sussex

'...it is still the best available development economics
textbook for economics undergraduates.'
                                                 - Professor Norman Gemmell
Professor of Development Economics, University of Nottingham

This widely used textbook is specifically designed for students of
economics and the social sciences who are taking a first course in
economic development with a background knowledge of micro and
macro economics. It is written in a simple but rigorous way which
also makes it accessible to policy-makers and all those concerned
with the process of economic development in the Third World. In this
extensively revised and updated sixth edition there is extended
discussion on the measurement of poverty, the characteristics of
underdevelopment, the role of the State in the development process
and the financial aspects of development.

A. P. Thirlwall is Professor of Applied Economics at the University
of Kent at Canterbury in England. He has been a visiting lecturer in
several developing countries including Sudan, Brazil, Fiji, Papua New
Guinea, Malaysia, Nepal, Bangladesh, Tonga and Cote D'Ivoire, and
a consultant to the Pacific Islands Development Programme in
Hawaii, and to the African Development Bank. He is author of
several other books relating to growth and development including
Inflation, Saving and Growth in Developing Economies,
Financing Economic Development, Keynes and Economic
Development, Economic Growth and the Balance of Payments
Constraint (with J. McCombie), and The Economics of Growth
and Development :  Selected Essays.

The recent proliferation of free trade areas and
customs unions in the world trading system has led to
an explosive revival of interest in the economic
analysis of Preferential Trade Arrangements (PTAs).
The principal theoretical question of the 1950s and
1960s (Viner) was whether PTAs would create or
divert trade, causing welfare improvement or loss. The
principal theoretical question (Bhagwati) of the late
1980s and 1990s has been whether PTAs encourage
or discourage the worldwide nondiscriminatory freeing
of trade. The essays in this volume present the central
contributions to the analytical approaches developed to
examine these questions. 

The first section of the book presents a synthesis and
analytical guide to the issues, and to the theoretical
research, as they have developed since 1950. The
following sections contain the theoretical contributions
themselves, grouped by analytical approach. This
volume will enable graduate students, scholars of
PTAs, and policymakers concerned with trade
liberalization to grasp the analytical relationships
among the sometimes disparate contributions of nearly
a half century of theoretical research on PTAs. 

Contributors :  Richard Baldwin, Jagdish Bhagwati,
Richard Brecher, C. A. Cooper, W. Max Corden,
Alan Deardorff, Ronald Findlay, Earl Grinols, Gene
Grossman, Elhanan Helpman, Harry G. Johnson,
Murray C. Kemp, Pravin Krishna, Paul Krugman,
Philip Levy, R. G. Lipsey, B. F. Massell, Robert
Mundell, Arvind Panagariya, Martin Richardson, T. N.
Srinivasan, Robert Stern, Lawrence Summers, Jacob
Viner, Henry Y. Wan, Jr.